Gas Schedule

QIP-004 §3

Gas costs for all QVM operations. These values are governance-adjustable but fixed at launch. All costs are in gas units (1 gas = 1 unit at base_fee = 1).

Transaction Base Costs

Base TX gas

Minimum gas for any transaction

21,000
Calldata zero byte

Per zero byte of calldata

4
Calldata non-zero byte

Per non-zero byte of calldata

16
Contract creation

Additional gas for deploying a contract

32,000
Code deposit per byte

Per byte of deployed contract code

200

Storage Operations

Storage read (cold)

First access to a storage slot

2,100
Storage read (warm)

Subsequent access within same tx

100
Storage write (cold)

First write to a storage slot

20,000
Storage write (warm)

Subsequent write within same tx

5,000
Storage remove

Removing a storage entry

5,000

Cryptographic Operations

SHA3-256 base

Base cost for SHA3-256 hash

30
SHA3-256 per 32 bytes

Per 32-byte word hashed

6
Poseidon2 base

Base cost for Poseidon2 hash

25
Poseidon2 per element

Per Goldilocks field element

5
ML-DSA-65 verify

Post-quantum signature verification

100,000
ML-KEM-768 encapsulate

Post-quantum key encapsulation

50,000
ML-KEM-768 decapsulate

Post-quantum key decapsulation

50,000

Cross-Contract Calls

Call (cold address)

First call to a contract address

2,600
Call (warm address)

Subsequent call to same address

100
Event base

Base cost to emit an event

375
Event per topic

Per indexed topic

375
Event per byte

Per byte of event data

8

Block Limits

Block gas limit

Maximum gas per T_block (400ms)

50,000,000
Max call depth

Maximum nested contract call depth

256
Max code size

Maximum deployed contract size

256 KB
Max blob size

Maximum .qvm bytecode blob

512 KB